Design Options for Solid Wood Stairs It has always been a difficult problem; today, the editor will… From the perspective of staircase installation, here’s how to choose and design the staircase for your home:
1 , Stair slope:
The line connecting the leading edges of all treads in a flight of stairs is called the slope line. The angle between the slope line and the horizontal plane is the stair’s slope; the tangent of this angle is referred to as the stair’s gradient. The slope of indoor stairs is generally… 20 degree -45 The slope should be moderate; the optimal slope is 30 Around degrees. The required slope varies depending on the specific function of the staircase. For example, the slope of a ladder is in 60 Above degrees, the typical rise for a dedicated staircase is taken as 45 degree -60 The slope of indoor and outdoor steps is 14 degree -27 degree, the slope of a ramp is typically around 15 Below this level. Generally speaking, in places with high pedestrian traffic, stringent safety standards, or ample space, stair slopes should be relatively gentle. For auxiliary stairs used by only a small number of people or infrequently, the slope may be steeper, but it is best not to exceed… 38 Degree, except for custom-designed stairs or, where space permits, a spiral staircase.
2 , Tread dimensions:
The dimensions of stair treads should generally be matched to the average human foot size and stride length, while also taking into account the functional requirements of different types of buildings. Tread dimensions include both riser height and tread depth. The ratio of riser height to tread depth defines the stair’s slope. Within a given slope, tread dimensions may vary; it is advisable to specify an appropriate range to ensure comfortable walking. Experience has shown that treads that feel most comfortable are typically lower in riser height and wider in tread depth. Therefore, when selecting the height‑to‑width ratio, for a given slope, it is preferable to choose the smaller riser height, as this requires less effort than treads with both greater height and greater width. However, care must be taken not to make the tread depth excessively narrow—its minimum value should not be less than… 240mm It is advisable to do so, as this ensures that the foot’s center of pressure and center of gravity remain near the ball of the foot, while also allowing the heel to bear weight effectively. 90% On the stair tread. For adults, the minimum width of a stair tread should be 240mm , the comfortable width should be 280-300mm Left and right.
National Standard: The riser height of public stair treads is: 160-170mm , Common cement‑based staircases in homes are built to this standard, with a more comfortable riser height of 160mm Left and right.
Based on the current market availability of prefabricated residential staircases, their typical height is approximately… 170-210MM，180MM The left and right options are the most economical and practical choices; on any given flight of stairs, the riser height and tread depth should be uniform, with no irregular variations, to ensure a consistent slope‑to‑step‑length ratio.
3 , Tread width:
The width of a stair flight is generally determined by the number of users, with the principle of ensuring smooth passage. For single-person traffic, the typical stair flight width should be 800-900mm Generally, finished staircases should be designed according to this width; however, for staircases in public spaces—such as those intended for two people to pass simultaneously—the typical tread width should be 1100mm–1400mm ; The width of a stair flight intended for three people should generally be 1650–2100 . If there is a greater pedestrian flow, the capacity should be increased by one person per row. 550+ ( 0-150 ) mm the width 。